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14. Курсив

Курсивное начертание текста придает тексту наклонный вид и используется для выделения определённых частей текста, например, цитат, названий книг или иностранных слов. CSS предоставляет несколько способов для задания курсивного начертания текста.

Свойство font-style

Основное свойство для задания курсивного начертания в CSS — это font-style. Оно управляет наклоном текста и может принимать следующие значения:

  • normal: Обычное начертание текста без наклона.

				
					p {
    font-style: normal; /* Обычное начертание текста */
}

  • italic: Курсивное начертание текста. Этот стиль наклоняет текст, что делает его более выразительным.

				
					p {
    font-style: italic; /* Курсивное начертание текста */
}

  • oblique: Наклонное начертание текста, которое похоже на курсивное, но может быть менее выраженным. oblique создаёт наклон, даже если шрифт не поддерживает настоящие курсивные формы.

				
					p {
    font-style: oblique; /* Наклонное начертание текста */
}

Пример:

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <style>
        .normal-text {
            font-style: normal; /* Обычное начертание */
        }
        .italic-text {
            font-style: italic; /* Курсивное начертание */
        }
        .oblique-text {
            font-style: oblique; /* Наклонное начертание */
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="normal-text">Этот текст имеет обычное начертание.</p>
    <p class="italic-text">Этот текст имеет курсивное начертание.</p>
    <p class="oblique-text">Этот текст имеет наклонное начертание.</p>
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Комбинирование со свойством font-weight

Можно комбинировать курсивное начертание с различными значениями свойства font-weight, чтобы создавать комбинированные стили. Например, курсивный и жирный текст:

				
					.bold-italic-text {
    font-style: italic; /* Курсивное начертание */
    font-weight: bold; /* Жирное начертание */
}

Пример:

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <style>
        .bold-italic-text {
            font-style: italic; /* Курсивное начертание */
            font-weight: bold; /* Жирное начертание */
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="bold-italic-text">Этот текст и жирный, и курсивный.</p>
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Использование в разных шрифтах

Некоторые шрифты имеют собственное встроенное курсивное начертание, а некоторые не поддерживают его и просто наклоняют текст. Проверяйте, поддерживает ли выбранный вами шрифт курсивное начертание для достижения лучших визуальных результатов.

Распространённые ошибки

  1. Использование неправильного значения: Например, использование font-style: italic на шрифте, который не поддерживает курсивное начертание, может выглядеть не так, как ожидалось. В таких случаях лучше использовать font-style: oblique.

  2. Перепутать italic и oblique: Оба значения наклоняют текст, но italic представляет собой истинное курсивное начертание, которое может быть частью шрифта, а oblique — это наклонное начертание, созданное программно.

  3. Избыточное использование курсивного начертания: Чрезмерное использование курсивного текста может сделать текст трудночитаемым и визуально перегруженным. Используйте курсив только для выделения определённых частей текста, чтобы не нарушать читаемость.

Заключение

Правильное использование курсивного начертания помогает акцентировать внимание на определённых частях текста и улучшает визуальную иерархию контента. Понимание различий между italic и oblique, а также правильное применение их в дизайне, помогает создать более профессиональный и читаемый веб-дизайн.

Тестовое задание

  1. Создайте HTML-документ с элементами <h1>, <h2>, <p>, и <span>.
  2. Примените различные значения свойства font-style к этим элементам.
  3. Попробуйте комбинировать курсивное начертание с различными значениями свойства font-weight и оцените результат.

HTML-документ:

				
					<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <style>
        h1 {
            font-style: italic; /* Курсивное начертание */
        }
        h2 {
            font-style: oblique; /* Наклонное начертание */
        }
        p {
            font-style: normal; /* Обычное начертание */
        }
        .bold-italic-text {
            font-style: italic; /* Курсивное начертание */
            font-weight: bold; /* Жирное начертание */
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Заголовок первого уровня (Курсив)</h1>
    <h2>Заголовок второго уровня (Наклон)</h2>
    <p>Это обычный текст.</p>
    <p class="bold-italic-text">Этот текст и жирный, и курсивный.</p>
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Выполнив это задание, вы получите практическое представление о том, как использовать курсивное начертание текста в CSS для улучшения визуального оформления вашего веб-дизайна.
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